(In Persian سید محمود حسابی - alternative spellings: Mahmood Hesabi)
(February 23, 1903, Tehran – September 3, 1992, Geneva)
was a prominent Iranian scientist, researcher and distinguished professor of University of Tehran. During the congress on "60 years of physics in Iran" the services rendered by him were deeply appreciated and he was called "the father of modern physics in Iran".
Hessaby was born in Tehran to Abbas and Goharshad Hessaby. When he was seven, the family moved from Iran to Beirut in Lebanon where he attended school.
At seventeen he obtained his Bachelor's in Arts and Sciences from the American University of Beirut. Later he obtained his B.A. in civil engineering while working as a draftsman. He continued his studies and graduated from Engineering school of Beirut.
Hessaby was admitted to the École Superieure d'Electricité and in 1925 graduated while he was employed by the SNCF (French National Railway). He started working in the electric locomotive maintenance department. He had a scientific mind and continued his research in Physics at the Sorbonne University and obtained his Ph.D. in Physics from that University at the age of twenty-five.
Dr Hessaby was a Polymath. He studied different fields and continued lecturing at University of Tehran for three working generations, teaching seven generations of students and professors.
He was the only Iranian student of Albert Einstein.
In 1947, he published his classic paper on "Continuous particles". Following this, in 1957 he proposed his model of "Infinitely extended particles".
As Hesaby wished, he was buried in his motherland, Tafresh.
Languages he spoke
He spoke five living languages: Persian, French, English, German and Arabic and he also knew (to some extent) Sanskrit, Latin, Greek, Pahlavi, Avestan, Turkish and Italian, which he used for his etymological studies.
Dr Hessaby Museum
The Museum Of Dr Hessaby is a collection of some of his personal belongings and his communications with various scientific, and cultural distinguished figures.
The museum has been established by his family, colleagues and students in order to value his 60 years of scientific, educational and cultural activities, and to set an example for young generation of Iran, students in particular, of a hard-working contemporary scientist, who despite his difficult childhood led a successful life and contributed greatly towards his country's progress by establishing many scientific, industrial, cultural and research centers in Iran among which one can name Tehran University, the first modern university in the country.
Every item of the museum is a reminder of a corner of his life and bears a valuable lesson of life.
Dr Hessaby Museum is situated in his personal house, north of Tehran, and visited daily by many visitors from different scientific, cultural and educational institutes and organisations, free of charge.
Dr Hessaby Foundation
Dr Hessaby Foundation, was established to continue all different aspects of his work, highlighting his belief that giving priority to research and researchers is the basis of scientific and industrial progress of a country.
Children
He has a son, who is an engineer and in charge of the Institute named after him, and a daughter.
Accomplishments
According to the Dr Hessaby Institute, the following were some of his accomplishments:
· Founding the Highway Engineering school and teaching there from 1928
· Survey and drawing of the first coastal road-map between Persian Gulf ports
· Founding the "teachers college" and teaching there from 1928
· Construction of the first radio-set in Iran (1928)
· Construction of the first weather-station in 1931
· Installation and operation of the first radiology center in Iran in 1931
· Calculation and setting of Iranian time (1932)
· Founding the first private hospital in Iran (Goharshad Hospital) in 1933
· Writing the University carechair and founding Tehran University (1934)
· Founding the Engineering school in 1934 and acting as the dean of that school until 1936 and teaching there from then on
· Founding the faculty of science and acting as its dean from 1942 to 1948
· Commissioned for the dispossession of British Petroleum Company during the government of Dr Mossadegh and appointed as the first general manager of the National Iranian Oil Company
· Minister of Education in the cabinet of Dr Mossadegh from 1951 to 1952
· Opposing the contract with the consortium while in the Senate of Iran in 1954
· Opposing the membership of Iran in CENTO
· Founding the Telecommunication Center of Assad-Abad in Hamedan (1959)
· Writing the standards charter for the standards Institute of Iran (1954)
· Founding the Geophysical Institute of Tehran University (1961)
· Title of distinguished professor of Tehran University from 1971
· Founding the atomic research center and atomic reactor at Tehran University
· Founding the atomic Energy center of Iran, member of the UN scientific sub-committee of peaceful use of member of the international space committee (1981)
· Establishment of Iran's space research committee and member of the international space committee (1981)
· Establishment of the Iranian music society and founding the Persian language Academy
Awards and honours
· Father of Iranian Physics, By Iran's Physical Society.
Scientific
Books
· "Electrodynamics"
· "Electric Eye"
· "Viewpoint in Physics", University of Tehran, 1961
· "Magnetic Eye", University of Tehran, 1966
· "Solid State Physics", University of Tehran, 1969
· "Quantum View" University of Tehran, 1979
Other
· Doctoral dissertation "Sensitivity of Photoelectric Cells", Sorbonne University Press, 1927
· Thesis in "The Interpretation of Dubrois Waves", in French, 1945
· "Structure of Essential Particles of the Nucleus of an Atom in Einstein's Theory of Relativity", Princeton University, 1946
· Article on "Connected Particles", National Academy of Science, U.S., 1947
· "The Effect of Matter on the Path of Light" as co-researcher at the Nuclear-science Institute, Chicago, 1947
· "The Correction of Newton's Law of Gravity". "Maxwell's Law of the Electromagnetic Field" 1947
· "The Effect of Matter on the Path of Light and the Deviation of Light Waves on the Surface of Matter", Nuclear Science Institute, Chicago, 1947
· "The Deviation of Light Waves in the Presence of Matter", research at the University of Chicago, 1948
· Continuation of research on "The Structure of Essential Particles of the Nucleus of an Atom", University of Tehran; laboratory research on "The Transmission of Light through Matter" College of Science, University of Tehran - Thesis on "The Theory of the Diffusion of Infinite Particles", University of Tehran, 1997
· Research on the formula for the Law of Gravity
· Research on the formula for the Law of Electrical Attraction
· Research on the formula for the Law of the Electromagnetic Field
· Research on the breakage of light near solid matter
· Research on lasers
· Research on nuclear magnetic resonance
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